Feed Efficiency of Growth Performance of Whiteleg Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Fed Diets Supplemented with Bioactive Betel Leaf (Piper betle L.)

Harlina  Harlina; Andi Hamdillah; Rosmiati Rosmiati; Syahrul Syahrul; Fani Sukarto

doi:10.52046/agrikan.v19i1.2737

Feed Efficiency of Growth Performance of Whiteleg Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Fed Diets Supplemented with Bioactive Betel Leaf (Piper betle L.)

Authors

Harlina Harlina Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Indonesia
Andi Hamdillah Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Indonesia
Rosmiati Rosmiati Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional, Indonesia
Syahrul Syahrul Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Indonesia
Fani Sukarto Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.52046/agrikan.v19i1.2737

Keywords:

Piper betle, Herbal Feed , Additive, Feed Efficiency, Growth Performance

Abstract

Vanamei shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) are a major global aquaculture commodity that requires improved feed efficiency and disease resistance to ensure the sustainability of aquaculture. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of supplementing feed with bioactive extract from betel leaf (Piper betle L.) on growth performance, feed efficiency (Feed Conversion Ratio/FCR), and survival rate (SR) of vanamei shrimp. The study was conducted over 58 days using a completely randomized design with four extract dose treatments (0, 3.9, 7.8, and 15.6 mg/kg feed) and three replicates. Betel leaf extract was obtained through ethanol maceration and added to commercial feed. The parameters measured included absolute growth, specific growth rate (SGR), FCR, SR, and water quality. The results showed that supplementation at a dose of 7.8 mg/kg (5×MBC) significantly increased absolute growth (14.10 g) and SGR (1.82%/day) compared to the control (11.20 g and 1.54%/day). The FCR also improved to 1.32 from 1.62 in the control, indicating high feed efficiency. The highest survival rate of 92.3% was also achieved at this dose. The best performance at the moderate dose was attributed to the content of bioactive compounds such as eugenol and chavicol, which enhance digestive enzyme activity and suppress pathogenic bacteria. Higher dose increases did not provide significant additional effects. This study concludes that supplementation with bioactive betel leaf extract at the optimal dose has the potential to significantly improve feed efficiency and growth performance in vanamei shrimp, supporting more sustainable and environmentally friendly aquaculture practices.

Author Biographies

Harlina Harlina, Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Program Studi Budidaya Perairan, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Makassar, Indonesia

Andi Hamdillah, Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Program Studi Budidaya Perairan, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Makassar, Indonesia

Rosmiati Rosmiati, Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (BRIN), Indonesia

Syahrul Syahrul, Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Program Studi Ilmu Kelautan, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Makassar, Indonesia

Fani Sukarto , Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Mahasiswa Program Studi Budidaya Perairan Fskultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Makassar, Indonesia.

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Published

06-05-2026

How to Cite

Harlina, H. ., Hamdillah, A., Rosmiati, R., Syahrul, S., & Sukarto , F. (2026). Feed Efficiency of Growth Performance of Whiteleg Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Fed Diets Supplemented with Bioactive Betel Leaf (Piper betle L.). Agrikan Jurnal Agribisnis Perikanan, 19(1), 117–122. https://doi.org/10.52046/agrikan.v19i1.2737