Model for the Sustainable Development of Leading Plantation Commodities in North Maluku

Abstract

This study aims to formulate a model for the sustainable development of leading plantation commodities in North Maluku Province. The four main commodities studied are coconut, cloves, nutmeg, and cocoa. The research method uses a mixed approach (quantitative and qualitative) with Location Quotient (LQ) analysis to identify base commodities, Klassen Typology to map regional positions, Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) with the Rap-Plantation approach to assess sustainability indices, and prospective analysis to determine key factors and development scenarios. The research results indicate that coconut falls into the advanced and fast-growing category, cloves are in the advanced but constrained category, nutmeg is in the fast-growing category, and cocoa is in the developing category. The sustainability levels of these four commodities are generally in the moderately sustainable category, with key factors including the role of youth, farmer institutions, government subsidies, savings, infrastructure, and social relations. The formulated model emphasizes synergy between productivity enhancement, downstream processing and product diversification, institutional strengthening, and expansion of domestic and export market access. The implementation of the model is expected to enhance competitiveness while maintaining the economic, social, and environmental sustainability of North Maluku's plantations.