Jurnal Title : Jurnal AGRIKAN (Agribisnis Perikanan) Abbreviation : J. Agro. & Fish OAI address : http://www.jurnal.ummu.ac.id/index.php/agrikan/.oai Frequency 2 issue per year : (May & October) ISSN : P-ISSN : 1979-6072, E-ISSN : 2621-0193 DOI prefix : 10.52046 Editor in-chief : Umar Tangke Managing Editor : Syahnul Sardi titaheluw IT Support : Syaiful Ahmad Publisher : Universitas Muahmmadiyah Maluku Utara Citation Analisys : Google Scholar
Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Muhammadiyah Maluku Utara
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Ecosystem-Based IEcosystem-Based Improvement of Skipjack Tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) Fisheries Management in East Flores Regency
Skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) holds significant economic value for fishermen in East Flores Regency, captured using pole and line methods in the Sawu Sea and Flores Sea waters. Increased fishing efforts, expanding fishing grounds, and limited live bait availability pose management challenges. This research was conducted in Larantuka, East Flores Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province. This study aims to evaluate the status of skipjack tuna fisheries using pole and line methods in East Flores Regency through the Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries Management (EAFM) and to develop tactical decisions for improving skipjack tuna fisheries management in Fisheries Management Area (FMA) 573, particularly in local fishing grounds. The research methodology applied EAFM focusing on two domains: fish resources and ecosystem habitat. Assessment results for both domains showed similar status, categorized as moderate. The fish resources domain achieved a total score of 170, while the ecosystem habitat domain scored 205. Therefore, the recommended tactical measures in the resource domain include operational regulation of live bait fishing to ensure continuous availability of live bait, education on appropriate fish size for capture, provision of additional fish aggregating devices (FADs), and fishing ground mapping for fishermen. Meanwhile, in the ecosystem habitat domain, the tactical measures that need to be implemented include live bait area management through open-close area systems and assessment of climate change impacts at the study site as an information source for mitigation efforts for affected fishermen.
Copyright (c) 2025 Sebastianus Kia Suban, Mohammad Mukhlis Kamal, Mennofatria Boer http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Antioxidant Activity of Protein Hydrolysate from Fermented Kuniran Fish (Upeneus sulphureus) with the Addition of Pineapple Extract
Kuniran fish (Upeneus sulphureus) is a low-economic-value species often found as bycatch but rich in protein, making it a potential raw material for protein hydrolysates. Spontaneous fermentation of fish protein can be accelerated by adding protease-rich sources such as pineapple juice, whose bromelain enzymes hydrolyze peptide bonds into simpler compounds. Protein hydrolysates from fermentation may contain bioactive peptides with antioxidant activity. This study aimed to determine the optimal pineapple juice concentration to enhance the antioxidant potential of kuniran fish protein hydrolysates. The experiment was conducted from April to July 2025 using a factorial Completely Randomized Design with two factors: pineapple juice concentration (0%, 10%, 15%) and fermentation time (0, 24, 48, 72 hours). Parameters observed included yield, protein content, pH, antioxidant activity (DPPH), and degree of hydrolysis. Results showed that 15% pineapple juice for 24 hours produced the highest yield (77.31%), while the lowest pH (4.32) was observed at 15% pineapple juice for 72 hours. Protein content decreased after 24 hours due to bromelain activity but remained relatively high (45.88%–48.85%). The best antioxidant activity (IC50 5.59 mg/mL) was obtained from 10% pineapple juice at 48 hours. The degree of hydrolysis ranged from 48.32% to 50.89%. These findings indicate that fermentation with pineapple juice effectively produces protein hydrolysates with antioxidant potential, and 10% pineapple juice at 48 hours is recommended as the optimal condition.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rafika Aprilia Maharani, Sakinah Haryati, Bhatara Ayi Meata http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Community Empowerment in The WASH (Water, Sanitation and Hygiene) Program As an Effort to Prevent Stunting in Toddlers
Stunting is still a health problem in Indonesia. One of the reasons is the low knowledge and understanding of the public about the importance of WASH. Efforts to increase public knowledge and understanding of WASH need to be carried out to support the acceleration of stunting reduction in Banyumas District, one of which is through community empowerment activities. Community empowerment in the WASH program as an effort to prevent stunting in toddlers was carried out in Karangmangu Village from July 12 to 19, 2024. The activity method includes training with the target of 30 Health Cadres and counseling with the target of parents who have toddlers in RT 1 to 10 RW 1. The stages of the activity include coordination, leaflet making, training, counseling and evaluation. There was a difference in the level of knowledge of Health Cadres before and after participating in the training (p-value<0.05). Counseling at the community level (Posyandu) and at the family level went smoothly and the enthusiasm of parents was very high. WASH counseling activities need to be carried out regularly and continuously as an effort to prevent stunting in toddlers in Karangmangu Village.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nuryanto Nuryanto, Tri Cahyono, Bunga Nuur Primayu Utami http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Improving Spatial Skills Through Basic Map-Making Training at SMKN 1 Tukak
SMKN 1 Tukak, South Bangka, is a vocational school that has a major in Fishing Vessel Nautical (NKPI). The department requires skills in the field of mapping. Training in making basic maps is important to support observation activities in the NKPI department. Knowledge and mastery of mapping can increase the expertise of vocational school graduates. The purpose of this activity is to improve the knowledge and spatial skills of SMKN 1 Tukak students in making basic maps. The stages of training include: 1) providing understanding and material about the basic map, 2) explanation of the stages of making the basic map, and 3) direct practice of making the administrative basic map of Toboali District. The results of the training showed that students majoring in NKPI successfully completed the administrative basic map of Toboali District, South Bangka. Increasing students' knowledge in the field of mapping, continuous efforts are needed to increase interest in this field. Success in making this administrative baseline map can be a foundation for NKPI students to develop mapping skills at a more complex level, such as fish distribution maps. Basic mapping training activities also generally show results that increase students' abilities, namely the ability to make maps from 5% to 70%.
Copyright (c) 2025 Umroh Umroh, Suci Puspita Sari , Eva Utami, Irma Akhriati http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Supply Chains of Yellow Fin Tuna in Jayapura City
Yellowfin Tuna is one of the superior fishery commodities in Jayapura City and has high economic value in the fisheries industrialization program. Marketing of tuna fishery products in general has the potential to be inefficient. Given that fishery commodities have unique characteristics, namely easily damaged, non-uniform, seasonal, producer areas are generally in rural/remote/coastal areas so that the distribution and marketing process requires long marketing channels and involves many intermediary traders. Mistakes in choosing distribution channels can slow down or even cause congestion in the distribution of fish from fishermen to consumers because the time of product delivery to end consumers is required to be as efficient as possible while maintaining product quality. This study was conducted in Tanjung Ria, Jayapura City to fishermen as producers and consumers who buy fishermen's catches and aims to determine marketing channels and analyze marketing margins of Yellowfin Tuna in Jayapura City. Primary and secondary data collection and analysis using descriptive statistics and marketing margins.
Copyright (c) 2025 Lolita Tuhumena, Sara Umbekna, Nicea Roona Paranoan , Liyatin Gea , Ayub Sahala Gultom, Yan Maruanaya , Haruna Haruna, Kedswin Gerson Hehanussa http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Balanced Scorecard Based Optimization of Fisheries Sector Policy in Buru Selatan Regency
Buru Selatan Regency is a coastal area with significant potential in the marine and fisheries sector, yet it continues to face institutional challenges and issues in policy implementation effectiveness. This study aims to evaluate the governance performance of the fisheries sector and formulate strategic priorities based on a comprehensive performance measurement framework. The approach integrates the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) to map strategic relationships across four perspectives financial, customer, internal processes, and learning and growth and the Fisheries Governance Scorecard (FGS) to assess the performance of each indicator. The FGS results show a relatively high overall performance score (139.6), though the success is largely attributed to direct-output programs such as fishing fleet assistance and aquaculture production, while institutional performance and capture fisheries remain underperforming. To identify the most impactful strategies, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was applied to the four BSC perspectives and nine sub-criteria. The learning and growth perspective was found to be the highest priority (0.308), with the provision of aquaculture facilities and institutional strengthening emerging as key strategic areas. These findings underscore the need to shift policy orientation from a production-focused approach toward building institutional capacity and human resources. The integration of BSC, FGS, and AHP provides a more holistic, participatory, and adaptive framework for sustainable fisheries governance.
Copyright (c) 2025 Darwin Lord Tasane, James Abrahamsz, Dionisius Bawole http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
An Analysis of The Water Quality and Pollution Index on Makassar City's Coast Based on The Physical-Chemical Characteristics of Seawater
To ascertain the quality of seawater and the pollution index along Makassar City's coast, this study was conducted in two distinct seasons: the west and the east. Temperature, salinity, brightness, pH, and dissolved oxygen measurements are made in situ, or straight in the field, while other physico-chemical parameters are examined in an environmental laboratory that has been approved. The book Standards Methods for The Examination of Water and Wastewater (Rice, et al, 2012) serves as the foundation for all analysis techniques. The Makassar City coast is still in good shape, with just minor pollution, according to the pollution index calculation results. At a number of sites, the levels of total ammonia (NH3-N), orthophosphate (PO4-P), nitrate (NO3-N), and sulfide (H2S) exceed the quality requirements outlined in Government Regulation Number 22 of 2021. Other chemicals, on the other hand, remain within safe bounds for water fertility and are still beneficial for the growth and survival of marine biota, despite changes in physical parameter values.
Copyright (c) 2025 Fatma Fatma, Fachrie Rezka Ayyub , Nur Azizah http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Synergistic Effects of Honey and Coconut Water on Masculinization, Hatchability, and Survival Rate of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Larvae
This study investigates the synergistic effects of honey and coconut water as natural masculinization agents on Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) larvae. The experiment evaluated the impact of these natural substances on sex ratio, hatchability, growth performance, and survival rate. A total of four treatments were tested: honey (15 ml/L), coconut water (30%), a combination of both, and a control group. Results showed that the combination of honey and coconut water yielded the highest masculinization ratio (94%), significantly higher than the control group (53%). Additionally, the combination treatment also exhibited superior hatchability (77.5%) and growth performance compared to the other treatments. Survival rates were highest in the combination group (94.67%), followed by coconut water (88.67%), honey (87.33%), and control (73.67%). This study provides promising evidence that honey and coconut water can be used as sustainable, eco-friendly alternatives to synthetic hormones in tilapia aquaculture.
Copyright (c) 2025 Irwan Asis, Indra Cahyono http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Strengthening Knowledge of Chrysanthemum Cultivation through Education and Information Sharing at the Regional Agriculture Office of Tomohon City, North Sulawesi
Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum sp.) is a leading ornamental commodity in Tomohon City with high economic value and export potential. This community service program was conducted through a field visit using a participatory learning approach at the Tomohon City Department of Agriculture, involving observation, technical discussions, and hands-on practice on cultivation, pest management, and post-harvest handling. The program also introduced simple innovations such as pulsing techniques to extend flower freshness, organic fertilization to improve quality, and innovative packaging to maintain products during distribution. The results showed increased student understanding of chrysanthemum agribusiness and stronger interest in internships and research, while farmers gained knowledge of low-cost applicable technologies to enhance competitiveness. Thus, this activity served as a medium for knowledge transfer and a tangible contribution to strengthening the synergy between universities, government, and farmers in supporting sustainable agricultural development in Tomohon City.
Copyright (c) 2025 Suryati Tjokrodiningrat, Sri Soenarsih DAS , Rima Melati , Hayun Abdullah , Sugeng Haryanto , Kuad Suwarno, Helda Sabban , Abd. Rahmat Mandea , Anita Ninasari , Betty K. Lahati, Zauzah Abdulatif , Suleyman Suleyman, Suratman Sudjud http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Marketing Mix and Strategy for Processed Snakehead Fish Products in Banjar Regency
Snakehead fish is one of the potential freshwater fish commodities in South Kalimantan, especially in Banjar Regency because it has a continuously increasing economic value and high demand due to its delicious taste and availability throughout the year. The development of snakehead fish processing MSMEs in Banjar Regency requires a method to be able to see future marketing prospects through the right marketing mix and strategy in marketing the processed product. The purpose of this study is to analyze the marketing mix and marketing strategy based on SWOT in snakehead fish processing MSMEs in Banjar Regency. The sampling method that will be used is a qualitative and quantitative approach through observation, interviews, and SWOT analysis. The results obtained from this study are the existence of a marketing mix in the form of products, prices, places and promotions in marketing processed products from processors to consumers, and based on the results of the SWOT analysis obtained the results of quadrant I where these conditions indicate that the snakehead fish processing business in Banjar Regency has opportunities and strengths in developing its business and is in a favorable condition because the processed product has unique characteristics, the main strength comes from human resources and product quality, opportunities from high market interest. SWOT-based marketing strategies and the development of innovation and the role of the government are very important for the development of this business.
Copyright (c) 2025 Elmiwia Rani Baturante, Emmy Lilimantik, Mailita Mailita, Maria Ulfah Riani http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Feasibility and Prospects of Sweet Sour Telang Processing Business in Kawanasi MSMEs
Kawanasi MSME is one of the MSMEs that produces sweet sour telang which is a typical Banjar food made from dried salted mackerel fish cooked with spices to create a combination of sour and sweet flavors so that it lasts a long time which is then packaged in a modern way so that it is easy to carry anywhere. This MSME is located on Jalan Panglima Batur Barat no. 1, Loktabat Utara Village, North Banjarbaru District. The purpose of this study is: to determine the feasibility of the business from the profits of sweet sour telang products from Kawanasi MSME, to determine the R/C ratio of sweet sour telangproducts from Kawanasi MSME, and to determine the BEP of sweet sour telangproducts from Kawanasi MSME. This study was conducted from August to September 2025. The data analysis methods used are cost analysis, revenue, profit, R/C ratio and Break Even Point. The results of this study indicate that the sweet and sour Telang product business can provide large profits. The sale of sweet sour telang products can provide a promising business opportunity because the annual profit can reach Rp 10,582,000. Based on the feasibility analysis, the R/C value is 1.08. The BEP for production and price of this sweet sour telangproduct is above the break-even point. Because the R/C value is greater than 1, and the BEP for production and price are above the break-even point, this sweet sour telangbusiness is feasible.
Copyright (c) 2025 Maria Ulfah Riani, Bahruddin Yusuf http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Financial Feasibility Analysis of Small-Scale Pangasius Fish Cultivation in Ponds in Banjar Regency, South Kalimantan
Banjar Regency is one of the fisheries centers at South Kalimantan, being developed into a minapolitan area for freshwater aquaculture. The highest freshwater fish production in Banjar Regency in 2024 was catfish, at 28,512 tons. Most fish farmers in Banjar Regency operate on a small-scale scale, characterized by cultivation areas ranging from 1,000 to 5,000 m2. Small-scale businesses, with limited land, limited capital, and modest turnover, require a feasibility analysis for sustainability. The purpose of this study is to analyze the feasibility of small-scale catfish cultivation in ponds. The analytical method used is a financial feasibility analysis using the investment criteria of Net B/C, NPV, and Intravenous Return on Investment (IRR). The results of the business feasibility analysis show that the small-scale catfish cultivation business in Banjar Regency is feasible to be further pursued because it meets the business feasibility criteria: Gross B/C value = 1.33 according to criteria > 1, NPV value = 1,160,315,599.15 according to criteria > 0 and IRR value = 67.6% according to criteria > from the applicable interest rate.
Copyright (c) 2025 Irma Febrianty, Rina Mustika, Muhammad Adnan Zain, Bahruddin Yusuf, Dina Fakhriyah, Mita Tantri Nirmala http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Landslide Susceptibility Mapping in Galela Lake Border Area North Halmahera Regency
The existence of Galela Lake is currently faced with the problem of landslides in lake border area. Slope characteristics and land conversion in border areas are factors causing landslides. Mitigation of landslide vulnerability in the Galela Lake border areas needs to be prepared by utilizing geographic information system. This study aims to classify the level of landslide vulnerability based on rainfall parameters, slope, soil type, and land cover. This research uses the scoring and overlay method using Arcmap 10.8 software. Research result show of area Galela Lake reaches 402 ha, total area of Galela Lake border area is 102,12 ha. The annual rainfall of the Galela region reaches 2743,8 mm. The results of the slope classification show that the slope of the Galela Lake border is dominated by a slope of 16-25% reaching 30,04 ha. The types of soil found were andosol 55,55 ha and cambisol 46,58 ha. The most dominant plantation land cover in the Galela Lake border area reaches 54,32 ha. The results of mapping the level of landslide vulnerability in the Galela Lake border Area show that 54.48% of this area is classified as moderately vulnerable with an area of 54,62 ha. 44,5% of the Galela Lake border area is at a high vulnerability level of 45,45 ha. Mitigation of the Galela Lake boundaries can be done by paying attention to setllement areas within a high-risk radius, such as the villages of Gotalamo, Duma, Dokulamo, Sotabaru, Samuda, Ngidiho, Bale, Ori, Igobula, Towara and Seki.
Copyright (c) 2025 Hendro Christi Suhry, Edom Bayau, Jelvi Febrina Anjali Fika, Fridolian Side, Nikollas Pasimanyeku http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Semi-natural Spawning of the Hal Semi-natural Spawning of the Halmahera Walking Shark (Hemiscyllium halmahera) at UPTD Perikanan Unggulan Morotai
This study aimed to examine the semi-natural spawning process of the Halmahera walking shark (Hemiscyllium halmahera), an Indonesian endemic species of high conservation value. The research was conducted at the UPTD Perikanan Unggulan Morotai from July to September 2025 using a field-based quantitative experimental approach. Four broodstock (three females and one male) collected from the wild were maintained in a 3,500-liter semi-natural tank designed to simulate natural habitats with coral and gravel substrates. Water quality parameters—temperature, pH, salinity, and ammonia—were measured every three days to identify their influence on reproductive activity. The findings revealed that temperature (r = 0.97; p < 0.01) and salinity (r = 0.88; p < 0.05) were the most influential environmental factors triggering spawning, while pH and ammonia had secondary roles. During the 90-day observation period, two spawning events occurred, producing two pairs of egg capsules with typical morphology, although no embryonic development was detected. The study demonstrates that a semi-natural system can effectively stimulate natural reproductive behavior in H. halmahera and provides a scientific foundation for hatchery-based conservation of endemic elasmobranch species in Indonesia. Future studies with extended observation periods and hormonal stimulation are recommended to enhance fertilization success.
Copyright (c) 2025 Roudge Helga Siahaya, Frits Jamlaay , John Etry Ririhena , Yoppy Jutan http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Identification of Insects Causing Itchy Diseases in Tourists on Dodola Island, Morotai Islands Regency
Dodola Island, located in Morotai Regency, North Maluku, is one of Indonesia’s priority marine tourism destinations. However, tourist comfort has been increasingly disrupted by insect bites that cause itching and skin irritation. This study aims to identify insect species responsible for these symptoms and to develop environmentally friendly control strategies through the innovative Asta Cita approach. A quantitative experimental method supported by literature review was employed, with insect sampling conducted using yellow traps and sweep nets across several sites on Dodola Island. Laboratory identification was performed morphologically using a stereo microscope and taxonomic keys. The results revealed three dominant species: midges (Culicoides spp.), mosquitoes (Anopheles spp.), and shore flies (Hydrellia spp.). Among them, Culicoides spp. caused the most intense itching and irritation, while Anopheles spp. produced mild allergic reactions and Hydrellia spp. had no significant effects. The Asta Cita framework effectively integrated ecological analysis with innovative and sustainable solutions for insect management. The findings provide practical insights for tourism managers and policymakers to implement integrated vector control strategies and to enhance visitor awareness of preventive measures against insect bites, contributing to the sustainability of tropical ecotourism destinations.
Copyright (c) 2025 Semfri Watunwotuk, Nonice Manikome http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Enhancing Productivity Through the Application of Innovative Cultivation Practices for Curly Chili and Tomato on Horticultural Farmers’ Land in Wasile, East Halmahera Regency
This Community Service Program (PKM) was designed to address the low productivity of horticultural crops in Wasile District, East Halmahera, due to farmers’ limited knowledge of sustainable cultivation techniques and organic material management. The main objective was to improve the productivity of curly chili (Capsicum annuum L.) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) through the application of bio-based agricultural innovations. The program adopted a participatory approach involving training, workshops, and field demonstrations on the production and utilization of biochar and liquid organic fertilizers. Data were collected through pre-test and post-test evaluations, field observations, and yield measurements. The results indicated a 90% increase in farmers’ knowledge and skills, accompanied by a 12.7% rise in chili productivity and noticeable yield improvements in tomato plots. These findings highlight the effectiveness of biochar and organic fertilizer integration in enhancing soil fertility and crop performance. It is recommended that such innovations be scaled up across other horticultural areas to promote sustainable and eco-friendly farming systems in East Halmahera.
Copyright (c) 2025 Suryati Tjokrodiningrat, Rima Melati, Zauzah Abdulatif , Kuad Suwarno, Sugeng Haryanto, Abdul Rahmat Mandea, Suleyman Suleyman, Anita Ninasari http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Composition and Spatial Distribution of Marine Debris in the Waters of Inner Ambon Bay
Marine debris pollution has become a global threat to coastal ecosystems, especially in tropical regions with high human activity. This study investigates the composition and spatial distribution of marine debris in Inner Ambon Bay waters using a multi-location approach. Sampling was carried out at six stations representing different activity types: ports (Halong), dense river estuaries (Galala), mangrove ecosystems (Waiheru), residential areas (Passo), and areas with mixed characteristics (Poka). Waste composition was analysed based on material classification, including plastic, glass/ceramic, rubber, plastic foam, metal, fabric, paper/cardboard, wood, and other materials. Results showed a dominance of plastic waste, with 1,166 items (61.47%) out of 1,896 total items. The spatial distribution revealed significant heterogeneity, with Poka station recording the highest plastic density (357 items) and Hunuth the lowest (47%). Variability in waste composition reflects specific human influences: port areas mainly contained glass and ceramics (41.3%), densely populated settlements predominantly exhibited domestic plastic waste (67.1%-92.1%), and commercial areas showed a diverse range of materials with a significant rubber presence (15%). Non-biodegradable materials accounted for 94-95% across sites, indicating persistent long-term contamination. The Waiheru mangrove ecosystem experienced the highest pollution levels, with plastics accounting for 92.1%, primarily accumulating through river transport. The clear connection between human activities and pollution patterns emphasises the need for site-specific management strategies. This study provides essential baseline data for creating marine debris management plans focused on human activity profiles in tropical coastal areas and improves understanding of marine debris distribution within sustainable coastal management frameworks.
Copyright (c) 2025 Laole Laole, Kamal Mewar , Salim Souwakil http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Optimization of Sterilization Time in Canned Vegetable Candle (Saccharum edule) Production
Canning is one of the methods of preserving food with high temperatures. Canning products in general are still dominated by fishery products in the form of marine fish, and livestock products in the form of meat, there are also canned fruit products. As for ready-to-eat canned vegetables, it has not been widely researched. This study used Vegetable Candle is a typical cuisine in the Ternate region which usually consists of a mixture of vegetables and coconut milk, and is liked by the community because of its distinctive taste. However, this product has a limited shelf life. Therefore, canning is carried out with a sterilization process to extend the shelf life while maintaining product quality. This study aims to determine the effect of different sterilization times on F₀ values and organoleptic characteristics in canned Vegetable Candle products. This study used four sterilization time treatments at a temperature of 121°C, namely P1 (15 minutes), P2 (20 minutes), P3 (25 minutes), and P4 (30 minutes). The observed parameters included the F₀ value and organoleptic quality (color, taste, aroma, and texture). The results showed that the longer the sterilization time, the F₀ value increased and the number of microorganisms decreased. All treatments still meet the organoleptic quality requirements with an average value of >7. The P4 treatment produced the highest organoleptic values, namely color (7.88), taste (8.46), aroma (7.74), and texture (8.13). Thus, sterilization for 30 minutes (P4) is the best treatment in producing canned Vegetable Candle that are safe and sensorially preferable.
Copyright (c) 2025 Higaya Arsyi, Hasbullah Hasbullah, Hamidin Rasulu http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Implementation of Forest and Land Rehabilitation by The Forest Management Unit of Ternate – Tidore In Moti District of Ternate City
This research aims to examine the implementation of Forest and Land Rehabilitation (FLR) by the Forest Manegement Unit (FMU) of Ternate – Tidore and to identity the challenges faced in carrying out FLR activites in Moti District from January to March 2025. The specific objective is to determine the implementation of FLR conducted by the FMU of Ternate – Tidore in Moti District. Research informants consisted of three individuals: the Head of FMU Ternate – Tidore, the leader of the Tanjung pura Forest Farmer Group, and the leader of the Gamma Cahaya Forest Farmer Group. Data collected were analyzed using a qualitative descriptive method. The results showed that the implementation of FLR included the following stages : planning (indentification of critical land, socialization, estabilishment of forest farmer groups, preparation of technical plans), preparation (provision of seedings, supporting facilitiens, construction of huts and sinnboards), implementation ( nutmeg and mangrove planting according to the technical plan), maintenance ( replanting, fertilization, and plant protection), as well monitoring and evaluation carried out by FMU Ternate – Tidore. Challenges encountered included unpredictable weather conditions, livestock distrurbances, and the lack of community awareness regarding the importance of forest and land rehabilitation.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nurjana Abdul Salam, Tamrin Salim , Wiwin Failysa Putri , Muhammad Julham http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Strategy for Handling Mangrove Ecosystem Damage in Supporting Green Economic Development in Tobelo Sub-District
Mangrove ecosystems but is now undergoing gradual degradation. This decline is primarily attributed to population growth and human activities surrounding the mangrove areas, including settlement expansion, ship anchoring, and the rising exploitation of coastal resources. This study aims to develop management strategies for addressing mangrove ecosystem degradation to promote green economic growth in Tobelo District. The research employs a descriptive qualitative method, analyzing both primary and secondary data, while quantitative analysis is utilized to assess the extent of mangrove damage. Furthermore, the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method is applied to identify and prioritize strategic policy alternatives for mangrove management. The findings reveal several key alternatives based on hierarchical analysis: economic (22.7%), social (20.5%), rehabilitation and restoration (14.8%), education and outreach (13.1%), ecology (9.0%), and government and local policy (2.26%). The priority vector analysis indicates that the economic dimension carries the highest significance, with a weight of 0.2267 (22.67%), underscoring the necessity of integrating community economic sustainability into mangrove management. The social aspect follows at 0.2053 (20.53%), highlighting the role of local participation, traditional knowledge, and collective action in maintaining ecosystem stability. Rehabilitation and restoration rank third (0.1481 or 14.81%), succeeded by education and outreach (0.1308 or 13.08%). These results suggest that mangrove management strategies should prioritize economic-based community engagement, particularly through sustainable mangrove utilization, ecotourism, and resource-based enterprises that align conservation with livelihood enhancement.
Copyright (c) 2025 Edom Bayau, Baltazar Z. Erbabley; Evangelina Ivi Theresa Kasehung http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Sustainability Status of Small-Scale Demersal Fisheries in West Seram District
The purpose of this study was to analyze the sustainability of small-scale demersal fisheries in West Seram District. This research was conducted from March to May 2022 on the north coast of Seram Island, West Seram Regency, Maluku. This study uses the Multi Dimensional Scaling (MDS) rapfish analysis method with monte carlo simulation and laverage analysis on the ecological, economic, social, technological and institutional dimensions. The status of small-scale demersal fishery utilization in West Seram Regency is ecologically and technologically moderately sustainable (51-75) and economically on basic longline fishing gear, bottom gill nets and traps as well as socially on bottom gill net fishing gear and traps. quite sustainable. Meanwhile, institutionally, they are in a less sustainable status (26-50) and socially on handline fishing gear and basic longlines are less sustainable. While economically the most sustainable fishing gear is hand line (76-100).
Copyright (c) 2025 Fahri Aulia, Agustinus Tupamahu , R. H. S. Tawari http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Spawning Time of Sandfish, Holothuria scabra in Taar Village
Sandfish, Holothuria scabra is a marine commodity that is exported as a high-value food ingredient, medicinal ingredient and cosmetic ingredient. Sandfish cultivation has begun to be developed intensively in Tual City, Maluku. Breeding and spawning are key factors supporting intensive sandfish cultivation. This study aims to determine the spawning time of the sandfish, H. scabra, so that optimal timing for Breeding can be determined. The study took place from July to September 2025. Broodstock samples were collected from the waters of Taar Village and spawned at the Sea Cucumber Hatchery, Tual Teripang Center. Spawning was stimulated by manipulating the environment (temperature). Each spawning sandfish was separated from the spawning tank and the number of spawning parents and eggs laid was counted. The results of the study showed that sandfish in Taar village that were stimulated during the study period could spawn at a rate of 35-70% so that sandfish breeding could be carried out in July-September. In addition, it is also known that the average number of eggs produced is 300,000 – 1,550,000 eggs / female individual.
Copyright (c) 2025 Pitjont Tomatala, Asep Bagja Firdaus, George Kolyaan http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Socio-Ecological Readiness Analysis of Small Pelagic Purse Seine Fishermen in the Banda Islands towards the Implementation of Measured Fish Capture Policy
Small pelagic purse seine fisheries in the Banda Islands are integral to the coastal economy, yet they encounter sustainability challenges due to resource pressures and evolving management policies. This study sought to evaluate the socio-ecological readiness of fishers for the implementation of the Measured Fishing Policy (PIT), which is predicated on quotas, zoning, and scientific data. Conducted from June to July 2025, this research involved a survey of 50 purse seine fishers using a structured questionnaire. The data were quantitatively analysed using the Socio-Ecological Readiness Index (IKSE) approach, which includes six primary dimensions: knowledge, attitude, behaviour participation, adaptive capacity, perception, and needs and expectations. The findings indicate that the socio-ecological readiness level of fishers was categorised as moderate (0.3–0.8). The behaviour and participation dimension achieved the highest score (0.7), whereas the knowledge and adaptive capacity were comparatively low (0.3–0.4). While most fishers have a positive perception of fish resource sustainability, they express concerns regarding the short-term economic impacts of fishing area restrictions. These results underscore the necessity of participatory and adaptive policy approaches with enhanced institutional capacity and bidirectional communication between the government and fishing communities to facilitate the implementation of PIT in the island region.
Copyright (c) 2025 Selfi Sangadji, Kedswin Gerson Hehanussa, Agustinus Tupamahu , Haruna Haruna http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Murabahah is actually a form of financing that is permitted in transactions at Islamic banking institutions. In the practice of murabahah transactions, the financing mechanisms and procedures as well as the fiqh contract standards used by Islamic banks are in accordance with the sharia values decreed by classical and contemporary scholars. The murabahah scheme has become a favorite product of Islamic bank customers, and this product has reached a very high percentage of over 70% compared to other products such as musyarakah and mudharabah. Murabahah is one of the products that has been permitted since the classical era of scholars to the contemporary era, although to date there is still academic debate among Islamic economic experts regarding the murabahah financing model in Islamic banking. This study aims to analyze the dominance of the murabahah scheme in Islamic banking transactions in Indonesia. The type of research is qualitative research with secondary data analysis presented descriptively by the researcher. This research was conducted through a literature review taken from data or financial reports of Islamic banks, books, international and national scientific journals, magazines, scientific papers, articles, the internet, Bank Indonesia (BI), the Financial Services Authority (OJK), and the Fatwa DSN-MUI. Furthermore, the results of the study show that there has been a significant acceleration in the growth of murabahah transactions in Islamic banking, with a very high percentage of over 76% above other products such as mudharabah schemes and other products in Islamic banking in the world and Indonesia today.
Copyright (c) 2025 Sofyan Abas http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Biological Aspects of Mackerel Scad (Decapterus macarellus) Caught By Purse Seine In Banda Waters
This study aimed to analyze the biological aspects of the mackerel scad (Decapterus macarellus) caught by purse seine in the Banda waters. Sampling was conducted from June to August 2025. Data on total length and body weight were collected to analyze size distribution, length–weight relationship, and length at first capture (Lc) using the logistic curve model by Sparre and Venema (1999). The results showed that the total length of the fish ranged from 11.5 to 31.5 cm, with the dominant size class between 20–22 cm. The length–weight relationship indicated an isometric growth pattern (b = 3.01; R² = 0.98), suggesting proportional growth between length and weight. The length at first capture was 21.5 cm with a determination coefficient R² = 0.965, while the length at first maturity (Lm) reported in previous studies ranged from 24–27 cm. This indicates that most fish were caught before reaching sexual maturity, implying that the purse seine fishery in Banda waters is not yet fully selective and may exert pressure on young fish populations. These findings provide important insights for the development of sustainable management strategies, including the regulation of mesh size and fishing seasons to ensure the conservation of mackerel scad stocks in the Banda region.
Copyright (c) 2025 Frentje D Silooy, Barbara Grace Hutubessy, Donald Noija http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Strengthening the Entrepreneurial Capacity of the Merah Putih Cooperative on South Dullah Island to Improve the Community's Economy
Strengthening entrepreneurial capacity through the identification of red and white cooperative business ideas and opportunities can increase profits that will have an impact on improving the economy and community welfare. The purpose of this activity is to strengthening entrepreneurial capacity, which includes the identification of red and white cooperative business ideas and opportunities on the southern island of Dullah, Tual City. The stages of this activity include: 1) Training on the identification of business ideas and opportunities and the evaluation of business ideas. 2) Evaluate the level of understanding of participants related to red and white cooperative business ideas and opportunities. Training uses hands-on practice methods, and evaluation uses quizzes with questionnaire. The results of the study show that the knowledge of the participants' entrepreneurial capacity in determining and analyzing red and white cooperative business ideas and opportunities has increased. The training of business ideas and opportunities has run smoothly and has been able to increase the entrepreneurial capacity of red and white cooperatives in villages and sub-districts in South Dullah Island District, namely 0% do not understand, 4% do not understand, 11% understand, and 84% understand very well. The type of village and red and white cooperative business needs to be developed and needs regular assistance and evaluation in the five red and white cooperatives in the South Dullah Island District.
Copyright (c) 2025 Simon Marsholl Picaulima, Meyske Angel Rahantoknam, Siska Diana Rahakbauw, Anna Kartika Ngamel http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Diversity and Utilization of Medicinal Plants by the Community of Kakara Island, North Halmahera
Several studies on medicinal plants in Halmahera have been conducted previously, but no research has yet been carried out on the communities living on the small islands around North Halmahera. The aim of this study is to identify the types of plants, the parts used, and the methods of processing traditional medicines among the people of Kakara Island, North Halmahera. The research employed a survey method, interviewing 18 identified key respondents, as well as collecting plant samples from the research site. The data collected included the types of plants, the parts utilized, and the methods of processing. Plant samples were then identified using the PlantNet identify application (https://identify.plantnet.org), and the results were presented descriptively in the form of tables, images, and graphs. The study found 47 types of plants from 25 families that are used by the people of Kakara Island, North Halmahera as ingredients for traditional medicine, with the most commonly used plant part being the leaf (59%), followed by bark (19%), fruit, rhizome (10%), and root. The methods of preparing medicines vary, such as pounding them to a fine consistency, squeezing until liquid is extracted, boiling, and applying coconut oil to the leaves. These findings not only contribute to the conservation ofvaluable traditional knowledge, but also highlight the great potential of Kakara Island’s flora as a source of bioactive compounds for future drug development.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ariance Yeane Kastanja, Desrita N. Malieser, Zeth Patty http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Various Young Coconut Water Concentrations in Supporting the Growth and Development of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) Cuttings for Seedling Propagation Purposes
Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) is one of Indonesia’s strategic food commodities, with Southwest Papua Province serving as one of its main production centers. This region also has a high level of tuber consumption, reflecting the important role of sweet potato as a staple food for the local community. However, in cultivation practices, the availability of planting material often becomes a constraint, especially on a larger cultivation scale. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of various concentrations of young coconut water as a growth stimulant for sweet potato cuttings. The research was conducted from January to March 2025 in Giwu Subdistrict, East Sorong District, Sorong City, using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four treatments. The results showed that the treatments had a highly significant effect on the emergence rate of shoots and leaves, the number of leaves, as well as the stem and root length of the cuttings. The best result was obtained from the mixture of 750 ml young coconut water and 250 ml water, which produced the highest growth values across all observed parameters.
Copyright (c) 2025 Zainuddin Ohorella, Brian Melkiser Sosir http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Adaptive Responses of Seaweed Farmers to Seasonal Shifts
This study aims to analyze the adaptive responses of farmers to seasonal shifts, focusing on seaweed diversification as a strategy for sustainable production and income. The study was conducted from July to October 2025 in Punaga Village, Laikang District, Takalar Regency, South Sulawesi. This study used a mixed methods approach, combining quantitative and qualitative analysis to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the adaptive responses of farmers. Sampling was conducted using purposive sampling with a total of 50 respondents. The data collected consisted of primary and secondary data. The data analysis used was descriptive analysis. The results showed that diversification from Kappaphycus alvarezii (cottoni) to Eucheuma denticulatum (spinosum) during the rainy season was the main adaptive strategy used by farmers. The implementation of the seaweed species diversification strategy by cultivating Eucheuma denticulatum (spinosum) from December to March brought about significant economic changes. Based on the calculations, spinosum generated revenue of IDR 5,878,000 per cycle, with operating costs of IDR 2,837,560, resulting in a net income of IDR 3,040,440 per cycle. Although the income per cycle is lower than that of cottoni (IDR 3,844,640 per cycle), this diversification provides three additional production cycles per year that did not exist before. This implies that farmers now have the opportunity to earn an additional income of around IDR 9,121,320 per year from spinosum cultivation, in addition to the income from cottoni cultivation, which continues during the dry season.
Copyright (c) 2025 Kasri Kasri, Aris Baso , M. Irham Ilyas, Ahmad Faizal , Hamzah Tahang, Amiluddin Amiluddin, Ely Sarah http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Local Fishers’ Understanding of the Implementation Efforts of the Measured Fishing Policy
The Measured Fishing Policy (Penangkapan Ikan Terukur/PIT) is a recent initiative in Indonesia’s fisheries management, grounded in quota allocation, spatial zoning, and sustainability principles. This policy aims to balance the utilization of marine resources with environmental conservation, while ensuring economic equity for local small-scale fishers. This study aims to assess the level of understanding among small-scale fishers in the Banda Islands, Central Maluku, regarding the full implementation of PIT, particularly in terms of zoning, gear and vessel standards, administrative procedures, socio-economic impacts, and government outreach. A descriptive quantitative approach was employed, using purposive sampling of 95 active fishers from eight villages across three main islands. Data were collected through structured Likert-scale questionnaires and field interviews. The results indicate that most fishers have limited understanding of key technical aspects, such as legal fishing gear (63.16% lack awareness), catch reporting procedures (50.53% unaware), and post-production non-tax revenue (PNBP) mechanisms (69.47% do not understand). However, there is a relatively positive perception of the policy’s economic implications, particularly in terms of operational efficiency (61.06%), income potential (63.16%), and the role of customary leaders (72.63%). In conclusion, while fishers’ overall understanding of PIT remains insufficient, there is an encouraging acceptance of its objectives. To ensure effective implementation, enhanced outreach, adaptive technical assistance, and active involvement of local institutions are essential. It is recommended that the government adopt participatory communication and locally contextualized education strategies to support inclusive and sustainable PIT implementation in archipelagic regions.
Copyright (c) 2025 Putri Hastari, Ruslan H. S Tawari , Haruna Haruna http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Performance and Challenges of Pole-and-Line Fisheries in Maluku
This study aims to analyze the technical performance and identify the key challenges in the development of pole-and-line fisheries in Maluku Province, Indonesia. The research adopts a mixed-method approach, utilizing both quantitative and qualitative descriptive analysis. Primary data were collected through field observations and structured interviews with fishers, vessel captains, company managers, and representatives of the Indonesian Pole and Line and Hand line Fisheries Association (AP2HI). Secondary data were obtained from the Maluku Provincial Marine and Fisheries Office, AP2HI’s operational records, and relevant government policies and scientific literature. The results indicate a substantial decline in the technical performance of the pole-and-line fleet, marked by a reduction in the number of active vessels from 587 units in 2010 to only 26 in 2024 and a consistent decrease in catch volumes, especially for skipjack tuna. Operational efficiency has also been compromised by the high and unstable use of live bait, with bait-to-catch ratios reaching 22-37%, far above the recommended standard of 8–10%. Contributing factors include seasonal bait availability, inadequate cold storage facilities, and the absence of reliable bait cultivation systems. Despite these challenges, the pole-and-line fishery retains several strategic advantages. It provides high employment opportunities, uses environmentally friendly and selective fishing gear, and benefits from a stable demand for skipjack tuna in both domestic and international markets. However, the fishery faces serious constraints such as high operational costs, declining productivity, bait shortages, competition over access to fish aggregating devices (FADs), and limited port infrastructure.
Copyright (c) 2025 Riyanto Umabaihi, Ruslan H. S Tawari, Haruna Haruna http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analysis of the Effectiveness of the Implementation of Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) for Recording Capture Fisheries Production at the Regional Fisheries Port Management Center (BP3D) Region II Tobelo
Catch data collection is a crucial aspect in the sustainable management of fisheries resources. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of implementing Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) in recording capture fishery production. A descriptive method with a field study approach was employed, including the collection of primary data through interviews and observations, as well as secondary data from relevant documents. The research focuses on the implementation of SOPs, supporting facilities, encountered challenges, and the data flow mechanism outside the official fish auction sites (TPI). The results indicate that the data collection of fish catches at the Regional Fisheries Port Management Center (BP3D) Region II, Tobelo, has followed national SOPs by utilizing an e-logbook as the primary tool, which facilitates real-time data recording and management. However, challenges such as limited technological infrastructure and the need for improved staff comprehension persist. The study highlights the importance of continuous training for personnel and the enhancement of technological infrastructure to support an accurate and efficient data collection system. These improvements are expected to enhance data accuracy, operational efficiency, and help with more effective and sustainable fisheries resource management planning in the North Halmahera region.
Copyright (c) 2025 Silvanus M. Simange, Dellen N. Matulessy, Christopan Tongo-Tongo , Velani Lelerang http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Land Utilization Strategy for Polyculture Farming of Milkfish (Chanos chanos) and Vannamei Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) in Karossa, Central Mamuju
Karossa District in Central Mamuju Regency possesses significant potential for the development of sustainable brackishwater aquaculture, especially through polyculture of milkfish (Chanos chanos) and whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Despite the availability of over 10,000 hectares of pond area, only 40% has been productively utilized due to limited infrastructure, access to capital, and low adoption of modern technology by small-scale farmers. This study aims to assess the feasibility and strategic development of polyculture systems in Karossa by analyzing environmental, social, and institutional aspects. Field surveys, water quality measurements, and stakeholder interviews were conducted in three villages representing different ecological conditions. The results show that Lara Village offers optimal biophysical characteristics for polyculture, while Kambunong faces challenges due to water quality degradation. A SWOT analysis reveals key strengths such as resource availability and market proximity, but also identifies weaknesses in human resource capacity and infrastructure. Strategic interventions including cluster-based cooperative development, hatchery support, technical training, and spatial zoning are recommended to enhance productivity and sustainability. This study provides a site-specific framework for promoting inclusive, adaptive, and ecologically resilient aquaculture systems in coastal Indonesia.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ansar Ansar, Heriansah Heriansah, Hariati Tamti http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Visitors Motivation for Mangrove Tourism in Central Maitara Village of Tidore City Islands
The study was conducted to determine the characteristics and motivations of visitors to visit so that it can be used as material for the local government in developing the Maitara Tengah Village Mangrove Tourism more optimally. This study was conducted from January to March 2025 located at the Central Maitara Village Mangrove Tourism, Tidore Islands City. The researcher determined the sampling technique was carried out by incidental sampling, namely anyone met by the researcher in the field would be used as a respondent in this study. The number of respondents was 40 respondents. In this study, the author used qualitative data analysis. Based on the results of the study, it shows that as many as 60% of respondents are motivated to enjoy the view of the mangrove forest in Maitara Tengah Village. While as many as 23% of respondents or visitors who come to the Maitara Tengah Village mangrove tour have the motivation to vacation. The remaining 10% of respondents who visit have the motivation to want to know or are curious about the Maitara Tengah Village mangrove tour, and 7% of respondents are motivated to visit to conduct research. Suggestions in the research are: (a) There needs to be more active promotion of tourism from the village government by involving various parties, (b) The Maitara Tengah Village Government also needs to collaborate with various parties to develop mangrove tourism in Maitara Tengah Village.
Copyright (c) 2025 Setiawan Duwila, Tamrin Salim , Wiwin Failysa Putri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Management of Trigona sp Honey Bee Business by Social Forestry Business Group (KUPS) Tugurara, Tubo Village, Ternate City
This study aims to determine the management of Trigona sp honey bee businesses by KUPS Tugurara and to identify the obstacles faced by KUPS Tugurara in Tubo Village, Ternate City. This research was conducted at the UPTD KPH Ternate Tidore in Maliaro Village and KUPS in Tubo Village, Ternate City, from December 2024 to February 2025 to determine the management of the trigona sp honey bee business carried out by KUPS Tugurara in Tubo Village, Ternate City. Three informants were interviewed: the head of KPH (Forest Management Unit) Ternate Tidore, the chairperson of KUPS (Social Forestry Business Group), and an extension worker. Data collection techniques included observation, interviews, and documentation. The types of data used were primary and secondary data. The data collected was analyzed using qualitative descriptive analysis. The results of this study show that the management of the Trigona sp honey bee business by KUPS Tugurara includes: first, planning, starting from potential identification, market research, and marketing strategies. Second, implementation, including procurement, maintenance, harvesting, and post-harvesting. Next is monitoring, which includes aspects of colony condition, hive suitability, and feed availability. The last is evaluation, which includes aspects of production volume of 10 bottles, product type, namely Trigona sp honey bees, good hive condition, and feed availability with 5 types of flowering plants around the production house area, KUPS income is IDR 500,000/year, there are 7 workers, management period is 2 years, production facilities, and the main obstacle is that the product has not been approved by BPOM.
Copyright (c) 2025 Delyana Abbas, Tamrin Salim, Wiwin Failysa Putri , Muhammad Julham http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Form of Utilization of Environmental Services Through Gamalama Ecotourism by the Social Forestry Group in Moya Sub-District, Ternate City
This study aims to examine the utilization of environmental services through ecotourism activities carried out by the Cahaya Gamalama Social Forestry Business Group (KUPS) in Ternate City. The main focus of this study is how this group manages the potential of environmental services to support nature conservation while improving the welfare of the surrounding community. The objectives of this study are to identify the forms of environmental service utilization through Gamalama ecotourism by KUPS Cahaya Gamalama and to identify the obstacles to environmental service utilization through Gamalama ecotourism by KUPS Cahaya Gamalama. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation studies. The results of this study indicate that KUPS Cahaya Gamalama utilizes environmental services in the form of natural beauty, cool air, and environmental education potential through nature tourism activities such as hiking trails, educational camping, and locally-based tour guides. This utilization has a positive impact in terms of environmental conservation, strengthening the local economy, and increasing public awareness of the importance of preserving the Gamalama mountain ecosystem. However, the development of ecotourism still faces challenges such as limited facilities, human resource capacity, and policy support. Therefore, synergy between the community, government, and private sector is urgently needed to achieve sustainable ecotourism management.
Copyright (c) 2025 Asma Santri, Tamrin Salim, Wiwin Filysa Putri , Muhammad Julham http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Sustainability Analysis of Bara Beach Tourism, Bontobahari District, Bulukumba Regency
This study aims to determine the issues and conditions of the Bara Beach tourist attraction from the ecological, economic, socio-cultural and institutional dimensions, and also aims to analyze the sustainability status of Bara Beach tourism development. The results of the study show that the sustainability status of Bara Beach tourism is included in the fairly sustainable category with an average index value of 63.81. The index values for the four dimensions are: highly sustainable ecological dimension (91.54), less sustainable economic dimension (38.53), moderately sustainable socio-cultural dimension (59.13), and moderately sustainable institutional dimension (66.06). The potential of the Bara Beach area as a tourist destination can be maintained by protecting and preserving the existing ecosystem function and maintaining the natural conditions and uniqueness of its environment. The development of Bara Beach tourism is a crucial need for tourists, to improve the welfare and income of local communities through economic activities that support tourism, preserve natural resources (conservation activities), and preserve cultural values as an integral part of a sustainable tourism pattern and system.
Copyright (c) 2025 Anissatul Muazzirah, Danial Danial, Asbar Asbar http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analysis of Sea Surface Temperature and Chlorophyll-a Distribution Using Remote Sensing Application in Coastal Bulukumba Regency
Bulukumba regency has water rich in biological resources, especially types of marine fish that have the potential for export, such a large pelagic fish, namely tuna, skipjack, mackerel, etc. pelagic fish habitat is generally influenced by oceanographic parameters such a sea sueface temperature and chlorophyll-a coccentration (Laevastu and Hayes, 1981; Gunarso,198). This study aims to analyze the distribution of sea surface temperature (SST) and chlorophyll-a in Bulukumba waters using remote sensing technology. As primary indicators for detecting potential pelagic fishing areas, SST and chlorophyll-a parameters were analyzed using Aqua MODIS satellite imagery data. The imagery data was processed using SeaDas and ArcGIS software to produce maps of temperature distribution and chlorophyll-a concentration during the study period. The analysis results show that the sea surface temperature distribution pattern ranges between 28–31°C, and chlorophyll-a concentration varies between 0.2–0.8 mg/m³. Zones with suitable temperature and chlorophyll-a tend to indicate the presence of pelagic fisheries potential. Validation with field data shows a high agreement between actual fishing locations by fishermen and the results of image interpretation. These findings demonstrate that remote sensing is highly effective in providing marine spatial information to support efficient and sustainable fishing activities in coastal areas.
Copyright (c) 2025 Yusri Yusri, Abdul Rauf, Ernaningsih Ernaningsih http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analysis of Land Suitability Level and Development Strategy of Mandala Ria Beach Tourism in Bulukumba Regency
This study aims to determine the level of land suitability and determine the development strategy for Mandala Ria beach tourism that is in accordance with its potential. The method used in this study is a suitability analysis matrix for beach tourism in the recreation category and a SWOT analysis. The Tourism Suitability Index (IKW) analysis results show that the Mandala Ria beach tourist attraction in Ara Village is categorized as Highly Suitable (S1) with an IKW score of 2.82. This value indicates that the Mandala Ria beach area has excellent potential for development as a beach tourism destination. The Mandala Ria beach tourism development strategy falls into quadrant I (aggressive strategy), indicating that this area has strengths and significant opportunities to be developed as a leading tourist destination through the utilization of natural resources, local culture, and collaboration with various parties.
Copyright (c) 2025 Fitri Ramadhani, Danial Danial, Hamsiah Hamsiah http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analysis of Consumer Preferences for Topo Fried Shallot Products: Case Study in Topo Village, Tidore District, Tidore Archipelago City, North Maluku Province
This study aims to (1) determine, prove, and analyze the effect of flavor on the preference for fried shallots in Topo, Tidore Islands City, North Maluku Province. (2) To identify, prove, and analyze the effect of price on the preference for Topo fried shallots in Tidore Kepulauan City, North Maluku Province. (3) To identify, prove, and analyze the effect of smell on the preference for Topo fried shallots in Tidore Kepulauan City, North Maluku Province. (4) To determine, prove, and analyze the effect of brand on the preference for Topo fried shallots in Tidore Kepulauan City, North Maluku Province. This research was conducted among young people in Tidore Kepulauan City, particularly in Topo Village. The research was conducted for approximately 6 months, from May to October 2024. This study used a descriptive method with a quantitative approach and survey technique. Data collection techniques included observation, questionnaire distribution, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis used classical assumption tests and multiple linear regression.
Copyright (c) 2025 Hidayat Abd. Kadir, Nur Azizah HS , Vhyda Hamidah Aulia Radjaloa http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Factors in the Development of the Ternate-Tidore Forest Management Unit (KPH) in North Maluku Province
This research was conducted at the Ternate-Tidore Forest Management Unit (KPH) in North Maluku Province. The research period was from May 2024 to June 2024. The tools and materials used in the research were stationery, interview guides, and mobile phones, with the aim of identifying the inhibiting and driving factors in the development of the Ternate-Tidore KPH in order to achieve more optimal development of the Ternate-Tidore Forest Management Unit (KPH). The results of the study show that the inhibiting factors are obstacles to the development of the Ternate-Tidore FMU. From the results of the study, the researchers found three problems that are inhibiting factors, namely: the lack of budget for the Ternate-Tidore FMU, the lack of adequate human resources, and limited infrastructure. Meanwhile, the Enabling Factors are factors that support the development of the Ternate-Tidore FMU, namely: the existence of regulations, good collaboration with the Ternate-Tidore FMU partners, and the professionalism of employees.
Copyright (c) 2025 Sukarni Hanafi, Tamrin Salim , Muhammad Julham http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Comparative Analysis of Enhalus acoroides Seagrass Transplantation Using the Plug and Sprig Anchor Methods in the Waters of Puntondo Hamlet, Laikang Village, Laikang Subdistrict, Takalar Regency
Seagrass transplantation is one of the conservation methods used to restore degraded seagrass ecosystems. Seagrass plays a crucial role in marine ecosystems as a habitat for various marine species and as a significant carbon sink. This study aims to analyze the comparative effectiveness of Enhalus acoroides seagrass transplantation methods using the Plug and Sprig anchor methods in the waters of Puntondo Hamlet, Laikang Village, Laikang Subdistrict, Takalar Regency. The research method used was an experiment with two treatments, namely the Plug and Sprig anchor methods. The research location was selected based on environmental conditions that support seagrass growth. Data were collected through direct observation of seagrass survival after transplantation. A SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) analysis was also conducted to evaluate the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of the transplantation methods used and their impact on the success of seagrass ecosystem conservation in the study area. The results of the study show that the transplantation of Enhalus acoroides in Puntondo Hamlet showed an average survival rate of 92% using the Sprig anchor method and 70.7% using the Plug method after four weeks. SWOT analysis confirms internal strengths (S–W = +0.80) and external opportunities (O–T = +0.70), placing the strategy in Quadrant I. The findings encourage prioritizing technical training for the community, cross-sector collaboration, and the use of local materials for sustainable restoration.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ekho Saputra, Danial Danial, Hamsiah Hamsiah http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Identification and Quantification of Microplastics in Mackerel (Rastrelliger sp) at the Tual City Fish Market
This study aimed to identify and quantify microplastics in mackerel obtained from the Tual City fish market. A total of 15 mackerel samples were used. Microplastic content examination in the digestive tract was conducted microscopically at the Microbiology Laboratory of the Tual State Fisheries Polytechnic, while polymer type identification using the FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared) test was conducted at the BRIN Ambon Optical Laboratory. The results of the study showed that the form of microplastics found in the organs of mackerel fish was successfully observed through microscopic analysis of the research samples. Of the 15 fish analyzed, all showed the presence of microplastic particles, with one dominant form, namely fiber. These microplastics were found in the gills and digestive tract, with particle sizes varying between organs. The concentration of fiber-type microplastics was detected higher in the gills compared to the digestive tract, indicating differences in exposure mechanisms in the two organs. Furthermore, the results of FTIR analysis confirmed that the microplastic particles had functional groups typical of polyamide (nylon) polymers, both in the gill samples and the digestive tract of mackerel fish.
Copyright (c) 2025 Fatmawati Marasabessy, Erwin Tanjaya , Mirna Zena Tuarita , Herayati Prasetiyo , Nur Aini Uwar http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Agribusiness Development Strategies for Caisim/Sawi Hijau Vegetables (Brassica chinensis var. parachinensis)
This study was conducted on the Qarihoda farmer group in Cobodoe Vilage, East Tidore District, Tidore Island City, Nort Maluku. The research was carried out over approximately two months, from October to November 2024. This study employed a mixed methods approach, combining qualitative and quantitative research methodologies. The data used consistedof primary and secondary data. Data collection techniques involved threestages; observation, Interview and Documentation. The data analysis and SWOT analysis. The research result indicate that the Qarihoda farmer group’s business income is IDR 51, 488,719. Based on the onternal Factor Analysis Summary (IFAS), the table shows that the strengths factor has a weighted score of 0.38 this implies that the Qarihoda group’s business possesses higher total weighted strength score, specifically 2.09, compared to the total weighted strength score specyficaaly 2.09, compared to the total weighted weakness score of 1.14. the horizontal axis (X) value, derived from the strength factor’s weighed score multiplied by the rating, was 3.23. Meanwhile, based on the external factor Analysis Summary (EFAS), the table shows that the opportunityfactor has a weightedscore of 0.41. this value can be interpreted to mean that the Qarihoda group’s business faces higher threats, namely 1.56, compared to 1.32 (the comparison phrase in the original text is maintained). The vertical axis (Y) value, whice is the weighted score of the opportunity factor multiplied by the rating, was obtained as 3.18.
Copyright (c) 2025 Safa Marwa Umasugi, Nur Azizah HS , Vhyda Hamidah Aulia Radjaloa http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Mangrove Forest Management in Maitara Village Sount Tidore Islnds City
Study This aim For know management mangrove forest in the village South Maitara , Tidore City Islands . Background behind study This based on by condition mangrove ecosystems that are experiencing damage consequence attack pests , so that required management And sustainable conservation . Research This implemented in the village South Maitara on April 2025 to May 2025 for know management mangrove forest in the village South Maitara , Tidore City Islands . The method used that is descriptive qualitative with technique data collection through observation , interviews , and documentation . Informants taken as many as 2 people , namely : head Village South Maitara and head hamlet . Results study show that the management process mangrove forest in the village South Maitara via four stages main , namely planning , implementation , monitoring , and evaluation.
Copyright (c) 2025 Fitria Ali, Wiwin Failysa Putri , Tarin Salim http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analysis of Soil Erodibility in Foramadiahi Village, Pulau Ternate District
The research objective was to quantify the erodibility factor across representative land units and to determine the key soil properties that control spatial variations in K. A total of seven soil profiles were selected based on land unit stratification, followed by field description, composite sampling (0–30 cm), and laboratory analysis of texture, organic carbon, permeability, and aggregate stability (M value). Erodibility was calculated using a combined empirical–analytical approach following the USLE method. Results indicated that the K-factor varied substantially among profiles, ranging from very low (0.09) to moderately high (0.38). High values were associated with soils containing higher silt fractions, lower organic carbon, and weaker aggregate stability, while low values were linked to clay-rich soils with better structural cohesion. Spatial variability of K reflects the influence of volcanic parent materials, slope steepness, and land management practices common in Foramadiahi, including mixed gardens and spice plantations. These findings imply that land units with higher erodibility require priority soil conservation interventions such as increased vegetative cover, organic matter inputs, and structural measures like terracing, particularly on mid- and upper-slope positions. The study provides essential baseline information for evidence-based land management and contributes to erosion risk assessment on small volcanic islands. Overall, the quantified erodibility patterns highlight the need for site-specific conservation planning in the steep, rainfall-sensitive environment of Mount Gamalama.
Copyright (c) 2025 Gunawan Hartono, Amiruddin Teapon, Sarif Robo , Ariyani Sukri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Optimization of Auxin Hormone Application on Root Formation of Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) Cuttings to Support Food Security in Tagalaya Village
This study aims to examine the effect of Auxin hormone application on root formation in breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) cuttings. Four main parameters were observed, namely the number of roots, root length, cutting survival rate, and the optimal concentration of Auxin hormone. The experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD) with five Auxin concentration treatments (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 ppm). The results showed that the application of Auxin hormone had a significant effect on root growth of breadfruit cuttings. The treatment with a concentration of 150 ppm produced the best results across all parameters, including the highest number of roots, the longest root length, and the highest survival percentage. Therefore, the 150 ppm Auxin concentration is recommended as the optimal dose for vegetative propagation of breadfruit plants. These findings are expected to support efforts to enhance local food availability in Tagalaya Village and its surrounding areas.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ebedly Lewerissa, Sunarno Sunarno, Misael Tenga Timbangnusa http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analysis of Revenue and Productivity of Two-Vessel Purse Seine Fishery Business Based on Fleet Capacity in Ohoi Sathean, Southeast Maluku Regency
The difference in the size of the fleet capacity greatly affects the income and productivity of the purse seine fishing business. The size of the fleet capacity in Ohoi Sathean ranges from 10 GT to 30 GT. This study aims to determine the income and productivity of the purse seine fishing business of two vessels in Ohoi Sathean based on the size of the fleet capacity. The types of data used include primary and secondary data collected using the triangulation method. The sample used in this study is 14 purse seine fleets with capacities of 10 GT, 26 GT, 27 GT, and 30 GT. The analysis used is income analysis, Return on Investment (ROI), and productivity of fisheries businesses. The results of the operational income analysis showed the highest operating income value of IDR 2,456,207,000, and the highest profit of IDR 1,171,065,833 in the purse seine fleet with a capacity of 27 GT. The highest ROI value is 85.41% and the highest productivity is 2.3 in a 10 GT capacity purse seine fleet. The 27 GT purse seine business in Ohoi Sathean is profitable, and the investment is worth it, and the productivity in the 10 GT fishing fleet. Supporting the development of two vessels with a capacity of 10 GT and 27 GT to improve the welfare of fishermen and the sustainability of small pelagic fish resources.
Copyright (c) 2025 Simon Marsholl Picaulima, Siska Diana Rahakbauw, Anna Kartika Ngamel, Meyske Angel Rahantoknam http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Capture Fisheries Development Strategy in Namrole Sub district, South Buru Regency: SWOT Approach
Capture fisheries play a crucial role in supporting the coastal economy of South Buru Regency, particularly in Namrole Subdistrict, which possesses significant potential of pelagic and demersal fish resources that remain suitable for exploitation. However, the management of this potential has not been optimal due to limited infrastructure, low capacity of fishermen’s human resources (HR), and weak marketing institutions. This study aims to formulate sustainable development strategies for capture fisheries in Namrole Subdistrict and its surrounding areas. A descriptive method with a mixed qualitative and quantitative approach was applied. Primary data were collected through structured interviews with fishermen and related stakeholders, while secondary data were obtained from government institutions. Data analysis employed the IFE, EFE, and SWOT matrices to identify internal and external factors, followed by the formulation of alternative development strategies. The results indicate that capture fisheries in Namrole Subdistrict are positioned in quadrant I (aggressive strategy), meaning they possess strong internal strengths and promising external opportunities for development. The priority strategies identified include: (1) optimizing the utilization of pelagic and demersal resources to meet domestic and export market demand, (2) strengthening fishermen’s human resources and institutions through training and cooperative models, (3) developing fisheries infrastructure such as ports, cold storage, and fish processing units, and (4) diversifying into aquaculture to reduce dependency on capture fisheries.In conclusion, aggressive strategies supported by government policies and private partnerships are essential to ensure productive, competitive, and sustainable capture fisheries development in Namrole Subdistrict, South Buru Regency.
Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Djafar Souwakil, Ruslan H. S. Tawari, Haruna Haruna, Mintje Wawo http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Chemical Profile of Basal and Apical Sections of Seaweed (Kappaphycus sp.) Based on GC-MS Analysis and Their Potential as Aquaculture Feed Additive
Seaweeds are recognized as valuable biomaterials rich in nutrients and bioactive metabolites with strong potential for application in sustainable aquaculture. This study aimed to characterize and compare the chemical composition of the basal and apical sections of Kappaphycus sp., which represent physiologically older and younger tissues, respectively, using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Both sections contained similar groups of compounds but at notably different concentrations, particularly carbohydrate-derived products, furan-based derivatives, and saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. The basal section was dominated by levoglucosan (22.75%), furfuryl alcohol (10.03%), and lauric acid (7.94), whereas the apical section exhibited higher levels of levoglucosan (40.40%) along with palmitic acid (6.47%). These compositional differences reflect the distinct metabolic functions of mature versus actively growing tissues. The identified metabolites, many of which are known for their nutritional, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties, indicate substantial potential for incorporation into aquaculture feed additive formulations. These findings provide a biochemical basis for valorising different seaweed section as functional ingredients to support health, growth performance, and sustainability in aquaculture system.
Copyright (c) 2025 Marlina Achmad, Alimuddin Alimuddin, Sukenda Sukenda, Muhammad Fatratullah Muhsin, Besse Tenri Nurkamilah http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Estimation of CPUE and Maximum Sustainable Yield of Mackerel scad (Decapterus sp.) Landed at Nusantara Fishing Port of Ternate
Mackerel scad (Decapterus spp.) is a key small pelagic commodity at Nusantara Fishing Port of Ternate (PPN Ternate), Maluku Utara, Indonesia, producing 4,224 tons in 2024 but showing declining CPUE trends signaling overfishing risks. This study aimed to analyze the catch per unit effort (CPUE) and estimate maximum sustainable yield (MSY) of mackerel scad landed at PPN Ternate during 2020-2024. Secondary catch and effort data from purse seine, gill net, and hand line fisheries were analyzed using the Schaefer surplus production model. Results indicate an average CPUE of 1.739 kg/trip, peaking at 2.408 kg/trip in 2020 and declining to 1.257 kg/trip in 2024. The estimated MSY was 287,137 kg/year, with an optimal effort (EMSY) of 465 trips/year; the 2020 fishing effort (521 trips) exceeded this optimum, leading to reduced yields. CPUE fluctuations correlated with changes in fishing gear composition and environmental factors. Despite these fluctuations, exploitation remains sustainable, but continuous effort regulation and implementation of Total Allowable Catch (TAC) at 80% of MSY are essential for long-term sustainability. This research provides crucial baseline data to support evidence-based fisheries management policies for sustainable utilization of mackerel scad stocks in the region.
Copyright (c) 2025 Kusdi Hi. Iksan, Adi Noman Susanto, Sukmawati Ali http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Assessment of the Success Level of Forest Land Rehabilitation Program at the Site Levels as an Effort to Mitigate Climate Change
The phenomenon of forest destruction has been in the spotlight for decades, both locally, regionally, nationally, and globally. Therefore, mitigation efforts against forest destruction that impact climate change need to be carried out through rehabilitation in forest areas experiencing these impacts. The purpose of this study was to determine land rehabilitation activities and the level of success of the activities that have been carried out. The research method used is descriptive with a qualitative-quantitative approach, while data collection techniques were carried out through observation, interviews, and literature studies. The results of the study obtained are rehabilitation activities carried out by Bapedas Akelmalamo together with KPH and the 'Lebo Maluku' Farmer Group in a 10-ha rehabilitation area with plant types such as balsa, binuang, and nutmeg. The spacing between one tree and another is 3 m x 3 m. The success rate of nutmeg plants reached 50%, the success category is less good, the success rate is less good. Binuang plants have a success rate of 70% with a fairly good category; the success predicate is at a moderate level. Balsa plants have a success rate of 91.80%, the success category is good, while the success predicate is very good. Plant death is caused by factors such as seed quality, pressure or stress during transportation, growing location, and climate.
Copyright (c) 2025 Mercy Joanna Toding, Jacob Kailola, Margaretha Tabita Tuny, Cornelia Dolfina Maatoke http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Effect of Blood Cockle Anadara granosa on Spermatozoa Quality and Quantity of Black Tiger Shrimp Penaeus monodon
One of the primary factors contributing to the low natural mating rates of Penaeus monodon broodstock in ponds and hatcheries is the poor quality of male spermatozoa. This study aims to determine the optimal concentration of blood cockles (Anadara granosa) for improving the quality and quantity of spermatozoa in P. monodon. The experimental feeding treatments included 100% pellet, combination feed (50% blood cockle and 50% pellet), and 100% blood cockle. A total of 27 male broodstocks were used in this study, which lasted 30 days to assess the effects of the different feeding. Spermatophores were collected from the base of the fifth swimming leg, and spermatozoa were extracted, diluted in physiological NaCl solution, and counted using a hemocytometer. Spermatozoa density and abnormality percentage were analyzed using ANOVA, while spermatophore weight was analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. The color and morphology of spermatophore were evaluated descriptively. The results indicated that a 100% blood cockle diet was the most effective in enhancing the quality and quantity of spermatozoa. Broodstock fed the 100% blood cockle showed the highest spermatozoa density (83.75 × 106 cells/mL) and the lowest abnormality percentage (25.00%). In comparison, the control group had a spermatozoa density of 37.03 × 106 cells/mL with 36.05% abnormalities, and the 50% blood cockle + 50% pellet group showed 49.69 × 106 cells/ml and 28.70% abnormalities. These findings demonstrate that at a 100% concentration of blood cockle, significantly improve the quantity and quality of spermatozoa in P. monodon.
Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Fatratullah Muhsin, Andi Aliah Hidayani, Marlina Achmad , Dody Dharmawan Trijuno, Rosmiati Rosmiati, Besse Tenri Nurkamilah, Nunun Ainun Putri Sari Banun Kaliky, Latifa Baharuddin http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Spatial Analysis of Landslide Susceptibility Potential Driven by Rainfall Anomalies in the Ake Tiabo Sub-Watershed, North Halmahera
This study aims to assess landslide susceptibility by integrating rainfall anomalies with topographic, geological, soil, and land-use factors using a spatially explicit approach. The Anomaly Percentage Method (APM) was applied to quantify deviations in rainfall from long-term climatological means, and the resulting anomaly indices were integrated into a Geographic Information System (GIS) framework through Weighted Overlay Analysis. The analysis incorporated geological maps, land-use data, soil type information, a Digital Elevation Model (DEM), and long-term rainfall records (1995–2024). Rainfall surfaces were generated using the Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) interpolation technique. The results show that annual rainfall across the study area ranges from 2,000 to 3,000 mm, with the 2,500-3,000 mm class covering approximately 59.76% of the sub-watershed. The landscape is predominantly characterized by steep slopes (25–45%), underlain by young volcanic lithology that is highly susceptible to weathering, and largely dominated by mixed dryland agriculture. Landslide susceptibility mapping classified the area into four categories: low (16.75%), moderate (62.56%), high (19.98%), and very high (0.71%). Zones of high and very high susceptibility are primarily concentrated in areas with steep terrain, tuffaceous or alluvial lithology, and open or converted land cover. In conclusion, rainfall anomaly emerges as the most influential factor controlling landslide susceptibility in the Ake Tiabo Sub-watershed. The resulting susceptibility map provides a valuable scientific basis for spatial planning, disaster risk mitigation, and sustainable watershed management, particularly through targeted reforestation, agroforestry development, and land-use regulation in high-risk areas.
Copyright (c) 2025 Oktosea Buka, Stevani Matandatu, Altin Horumoro, Elizabeth Pakiti, Fiktor Imanuel Boleu http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Survival Strategies of Small-Scale Fishermen in Wailihang Village, Waplau Subdistrict, Buru Regency
The residents of Wailihang Village, who mostly live on the coast, generally make their main livelihood as fishermen. One of the reasons why fishermen in Wailihang Village still have low incomes is because this village still lacks access to resources, capital, technology and markets. The purpose of this study was to determine the survival strategies of fishermen in Wailihang Village, Waplau District, Buru Regency, Maluku Province. The benefits of this research are expected to add references to research results that can also be used as reference material for further related research, and are expected to contribute ideas and broaden knowledge. This study uses a descriptive research method with a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques used are observation, interviews and documentation. By using purposive sampling technique, namely the sampling technique of data sources with certain considerations. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that fishermen in Wailihang Village apply three strategies to survive, and fulfill the basic needs of the family, namely: active strategy, passive strategy and network strategy. The active strategy carried out by fishermen is to find new locations for fishing bases and side jobs by becoming farmers. A passive strategy is a survival strategy that is carried out by applying a frugal pattern. The Network Strategy carried out by fishermen during the famine season in order to survive is by utilizing social networks such as borrowing money from their closest family and close acquaintances.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ringgi Qomaria Bugis, Wilda Fesanrey, Muhammad Ikbal Zakariah http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Forestry Extension Roles and Innovations in Forest Management
Sustainable forest management requires strong institutional support and active community participation, one of which is facilitated through the role of forestry extension agents. This study was conducted from February to August 2025 in the Ternate–Tidore Forest Management Unit (FMU), North Maluku Province. The study aims to analyze the roles of forestry extension agents and the program innovations developed in forest management within the Ternate–Tidore FMU. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed, with data collection techniques including observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The research informants consisted of six forestry extension agents assigned to the Ternate–Tidore FMU working area. The results indicate that forestry extension agents play strategic roles as companions, facilitators, mediators, innovators, motivators, and agents of transformation in empowering forest-adjacent communities, particularly Forest Farmer Groups (FFGs). The innovations developed focus on the processing of non-timber forest products (NTFPs), the development of bamboo- and rattan-based enterprises, environmentally friendly alternative energy, environmental services, and the utilization of digital media for extension activities and product promotion. Despite the limited number of extension agents and the relatively large working area, extension activities have contributed to improving community capacity and strengthening the local economy. This study concludes that the role of forestry extension agents in the Ternate–Tidore FMU has been effectively implemented; however, it still requires policy support, additional extension personnel, and strengthened access to capital and markets to ensure more equitable and sustainable program outcomes.
Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Julham http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Public Perception of Climate Change and Its Impact on Small Pelagic Fish Resources
This research explores public perception of climate change and its impact on small pelagic fish resources in Ternate Island, North Maluku. Small pelagic fish, such as sardines and anchovies, are crucial for the local economy and food security, but are vulnerable to rising sea temperatures and changing ocean patterns caused by climate change. The study uses a mixed-methods approach, including surveys with 200 respondents and in-depth interviews with 15 key informants, to gather comprehensive data. The findings reveal that community awareness of climate change is rising, showing a positive impact from education and communication efforts. However, there is still variation in the depth of understanding and a prevailing sense of pessimism about the effectiveness of individual mitigation efforts. Climate change has significantly affected fishing patterns, leading to reduced catches, shifts in fishing grounds, and higher operational costs. The research emphasizes the urgent need for enhanced education, capacity building, and collaborative policies to ensure the sustainability of fish resources and help local communities adapt to these mounting environmental challenges.
Copyright (c) 2025 Umar Tangke , Hamka Hamka , Ruslan Laisouw , Grasiano Warakano Lailossa http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Determinants of Domestic Soybean Demand and Soybean Prices at the Producer and Consumer Levels in Indonesia
This research is important because soybeans are a commodity for Indonesian industry and households. The objective of the study was to identify factors influencing Indonesian soybean demand, soybean prices at the producer level, and soybean prices at the consumer level. The method used was the 2SLS simultaneous equations model, with model testing meeting economic criteria (regarding the sign and magnitude of the regression coefficient), statistical (regarding statistical tests), and econometric (regarding model assumptions). The results showed that the variables Indonesian soybean price in year t and previous domestic soybean demand significantly influenced domestic soybean demand. The variables Indonesian soybean production in year t, rice price in year t, and world soybean price in year t significantly influenced soybean prices at the consumer level. Furthermore, the variables Indonesian soybean production in year t, soybean price at the consumer level in year t, corn price in year t, and soybean price at the producer level in the previous year significantly influenced soybean prices at the producer level.
Copyright (c) 2025 Yonette Maya Tupamahu, Jolyne Myrell Parera http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Crab reproductive biology is important for the development of sustainable aquaculture, yet it still faces constraints related to gonadal maturation, spawning, and seed availability. This study employed a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) to synthesize findings on molecular mechanisms, hormonal regulation, and environmental factors influencing crab reproduction, using data from scientific databases spanning 2022 to 2026. The review results indicate that genes and molecular signaling pathways play roles in gonadal development, while crustacean hormones and the neuroendocrine system regulate reproductive readiness. Environmental factors such as temperature, photoperiod, salinity, water quality, and broodstock nutrition also exert significant influence. These findings emphasize the need for a holistic approach to reproductive control. This study highlights the potential of biotechnology to improve hatchery efficiency through the selection of superior broodstock, environmentally friendly hormonal manipulation, and the management of optimal environmental conditions. Nevertheless, research gaps remain, particularly in the application of molecular and hormonal findings at the industrial scale. Overall, these findings provide a foundation for the development of efficient, sustainable, and environmentally friendly crab reproductive technologies, and they may serve as a reference for future aquaculture practices and hatchery strategies.
Copyright (c) 2025 Dullah Irwan Latar http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Comparing Seaweed Cultivation Methods (Longline, Raft, Offshore, and Land-Based Systems): A Systematic Review of Productivity, Cost Efficiency, and Environmental Risks
Seaweed aquaculture is expanding rapidly as a source of food, hydrocolloids, biomaterials, and ecosystem services, yet its sustainability depends strongly on the cultivation technologies employed. This systematic literature review synthesizes and compares evidence on four major seaweed cultivation methods longline, offshore, and land-based systems using three decision-relevant dimensions: productivity, cost efficiency, and environmental risk. Following PRISMA-guided procedures, studies were systematically identified, screened, and synthesized from major scientific databases. The review reveals that no single cultivation method consistently outperforms others across all dimensions. Land-based and integrated systems demonstrate high and stable productivity and strong nutrient-mitigation potential but incur higher capital and operational costs, often driven by energy and infrastructure requirements. Nearshore longline and raft systems offer lower entry barriers and favorable economic performance under supportive policy and labor conditions, yet face substantial variability in productivity due to seasonality, biofouling, disease, and spatial conflicts. Offshore systems enable spatial expansion and exposure-driven growth potential, but current evidence emphasizes engineering survivability over robust yield and cost benchmarks, while environmental benefits particularly related to carbon sequestration are highly context- and season-dependent. Across methods, the review identifies persistent challenges arising from inconsistent productivity metrics, heterogeneous techno-economic boundaries, and fragmented environmental-risk assessments, which limit cross-study comparability. To address this gap, the review proposes an integrated, decision-oriented synthesis that maps trade-offs among yield, cost, and risk and highlights context-specific “best-fit” applications rather than universal rankings. The findings provide actionable insights for researchers, industry stakeholders, and policymakers seeking to align seaweed aquaculture development with economic viability and environmental sustainability.
Copyright (c) 2025 Sri Mulyani http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Chemical Quality of Ulva lactuca Seaweed Fortified Noodles
Ulva lactuca has a high nutrition, making its a potential source of alternative food. Noodles are a widely recognized products that made from flour, which is primarily high in carbohydrates. Fortification of Ulva lactuca seaweed is intended to enhance its nutritional value, improving the quality of the noodles. Therefore, research on the proxsimate analysis of noodles with fortification of Ulva lactuca seaweed needs to be conducted to provide information to the community. The aim of this research is to determine the nutiriton quality (nutritional content) such as moisture content, ash content, protein, fat, and carbohydrates. Noodles are produced form Ulva lactuca seaweed that was harvested from Taar village in Tual city, Wab village, and Wain village in Southeast Maluku district. They washed and soaked in lemon juice for 3 hours, washed again, blended into a puree, then filtered to obtain the filtrate, which is then added to the noodle dough. It is then shaped using a noodle mold. The produced noodles are then analyzed for their nutritional quality. Noodle samples are analyzed at the Basic Chemistry Laboratory of Pattimura University, Ambon. Data was analyzed using descriptive analysis. The results of the proximate analysis showed that the nutrient contents of seaweed fortified noodles is as follows: moisture content is 35.72%, ash content is 3.35%, protein content is 16.81%, fat content is 6.68%, and carbohydrate content is 37.44%. Thus, the noodles fortified Ulva lactuca meets the standard requirements SNI 2987 (2015).
Copyright (c) 2025 Kristhina P. Rahael, Ignasia Efruan, Satiyah Salsa Tarabubun http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0